What guidance was established by the OMB requiring federal agencies to review security controls?

The answer pertains to OMB Circular No A-130 Appendix III, which provides critical guidance for federal agencies regarding the management of federal information resources, specifically focusing on the security controls required for federal information systems. This circular emphasizes the necessity for agencies to establish and periodically review security controls to ensure they adequately protect sensitive information.

The guidance sets forth a framework for assessing, implementing, and maintaining security controls in alignment with federal policies and standards like FISMA (Federal Information Security Management Act). By mandating reviews of security controls, the circular plays a pivotal role in enhancing the overall security posture of federal agencies, ensuring they are equipped to manage risks effectively and safeguard vital data against unauthorized access and other security threats.

The focus on systematic reviews reflects an understanding that security is not a one-time process but requires ongoing evaluation and adjustment to respond to evolving threats and vulnerabilities in the cybersecurity landscape.