What role does forensics play after a security breach?

Forensics plays a critical role in understanding the details surrounding a security breach, making the focus on investigating how the breach occurred and its impact the correct choice. This process involves collecting and analyzing evidence to determine the nature and extent of the breach. By examining logs, files, and other digital footprints, forensic analysts can identify the vulnerabilities that were exploited and trace the intruder's activities.

Understanding the impact of the breach is equally important, as it helps organizations assess the damage and determine what information may have been compromised. This knowledge is essential in mitigating immediate risks and can inform future security strategies.

The other options, while they touch upon aspects of security management, do not adequately encapsulate the core purpose of forensic investigations post-breach, which mainly revolves around understanding and documenting the incident to strengthen future security measures.