What standard, FIPS 140-2, defines the level of encryption that provides basic security?

FIPS 140-2, which stands for the Federal Information Processing Standards Publication, is a standard that outlines the security requirements for cryptographic modules that protect sensitive information. The levels defined in this standard range from Level 1 to Level 4, with each level representing an increase in the required security measures and complexity.

Level 1 offers the most basic security. It requires the implementation of software and/or hardware cryptographic modules but does not impose stringent physical security measures or management controls. It ensures that the cryptographic module is operationally secure when utilized in accordance with the requirements, which are applicable in environments with lower security risks.

As the levels increase, so do the requirements for physical security, documentation, testing, and key management. Therefore, Level 1 is recognized as providing the foundational level of security within the FIPS 140-2 framework, making it suitable for scenarios where the potential risk is relatively low but some encryption is still necessary.