Which FIPS 140-2 encryption level enables environmental protections?

The correct choice highlights FIPS 140-2 Level 4, which signifies the highest level of security in the standard. This level not only mandates that the encryption module is cryptographically secure but also includes stringent environmental protections. These protections require the implementation of physical security measures to prevent unauthorized access and tampering, ensuring that the module can exert control over its operational environment. This level is particularly critical for situations where the potential for hostile engagement or attack on the system is a significant concern.

FIPS 140-2 Level 4 includes advanced physical security mechanisms, such as tamper-evidence and tamper-resistance features, that help secure cryptographic modules against environmental attacks. The specifications laid out for this level demand that the cryptographic processes remain secure even when subjected to intensive environmental stressors, making it the appropriate choice for scenarios that require robust security beyond standard encryptions.

The other levels do not encompass the same degree of environmental protections and physical security measures as Level 4, which is why they are not the correct choices in this context.